HIV-INFECTED CELLS ARE FREQUENTLY CLONALLY EXPANDED AFTER PROLONGED ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY: IMPLICATIONS FOR HIV PERSISTENCE

HIV-infected cells are frequently clonally expanded after prolonged antiretroviral therapy: implications for HIV persistence

HIV infection is controlled but not eradicated by combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), and persistence during therapy represents a substantial barrier to strategies to eradicate infection.The nature of persistence is uncertain, and a number of mechanisms have been proposed to explain HIV persistence in vivo, including low-level HIV replicatio

read more


Influence of group size on the success of wolves hunting bison.

An intriguing aspect of social foraging behaviour is that large groups are often no better at capturing prey than are small groups, a pattern that has been attributed to diminished cooperation (i.e., free riding) in large groups.Although this suggests the formation of large groups is unrelated to prey capture, little is known about NA@8 cooperation

read more

Life Cycle Assessment of an NMC Battery for Application to Electric Light-Duty Commercial Vehicles and Comparison with a Sodium-Nickel-Chloride Battery

This paper presents the results of an environmental assessment of a Nickel-Manganese-Cobalt (NMC) Lithium-ion traction battery for Battery Electric Light-Duty Commercial Vehicles (BEV-LDCV) used for urban and regional freight haulage.A cradle-to-grave Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) of NMC111 is provided, operation and end-of-life stages are included, a

read more